Undergraduate Course Description

Undergraduate Courses

Skills

200 Urban Research Methods

201 Computer Methods in Urban Policy Analysis

Criminal Justice

225 Urban Criminal Justice

226 Drugs and Criminal Justice

228 Domestic Violence and Criminal Justice

Public Sector Management

223 Public Administration

243 Public Management

244 Human Resource Management

246 Human Resources and Law

Social and Economic Policy

101 Urban Poverty and Affluence

117 Urban Education

239W Urban Labor Movements

240 Labor Unions and Industrial Relations

245W The Urban Economy

261 Urban Job Markets

262 Public Sector Bargaining

321 Perspectives on the Labor Movement

Public Policy and Politics

102 Urban Services & Institutions

105 Power in the City

210 Urban Protest Movements

211 Protest Movements in Film

221 Making Public Policy

227 Law and Urban Society

257 Public Budgeting

285W Experiments in Democracy

Health and Welfare Policy

132 US Health Services and Policy

217 Introduction to Social Work

232 Health Policymaking

233 AIDS and Public Policy

235 Urban Epidemics: TB to AIDS

236 Emerging Diseases

237 Social Welfare Policy

238 Women and Health

Community Planning and Development

014 Urban Aesthetics

106 Cultural & Historical Devel. of Cities

141 Introduction to Urban Planning

151 Neighborhoods

207 Development of the American City

252 Urban Environment

253 Conflicts in Urban Planning

254W Urban Transportation Policy

256 NYC Land Use Planning Process

310 Community Organization

330W Social Theory & Contemporary Urban Issues

Urban Culture & Identity

113 Urban Subcultures

114 Sexual Variance

202 Racial and Ethnic Minorities

204 Women in the City

205 Urban Cultural Diversity

212 Religion and Politics

214 Urban Religious Movements

216 Immigrants in Queens

247 Race, Ethnicity, and Public Policy

Course Descriptions

14.Urban Aesthetics. 3 hr.; 3 cr. The city as an aesthetic environment and its effects on aspects of urban life.

101. Urban Issues: Poverty and Affluence. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course is an introduction to the field of urban studies. We investigate why cities are places of economic and political opportunity for some and of deprivation, discrimination, violence, and impoverishment for others. We explore different theories of urban poverty and inequality and examine the impact of immigration, racial segregation, suburbanization, public policies, and social movements on U.S. cities and their inhabitants. We pay special attention to the existence of inequalities based on race, class, gender, sexuality and analyze proposals to reduce these inequalities.
102. Urban Issues: Services and Institutions 3 hr.; 3 cr. Survey of urban public programs. Analysis of selected examples taken from health, transport, housing, education, welfare, protective, and other services. Comparison of analytical approaches to the analysis of institutions. Role of private, voluntary, and labor organizations in service delivery.

105. Power in the City. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course examines the historical development of local government structures, political parties, machine politics and reform movements. The current forms of government in US cities, especially New York City, and their relationship to states and the federal government will be analyzed. Theories of power in the urban setting, and the role of advocacy groups, ethnic organizations, business, labor, and other interest groups will be discussed.
106. Cultural and Historical Development of Cities. 3 hr.; 3 cr. The anthropological and historical analysis of the development of cities throughout the world and over the past five millennia. The course will present various theories of the emergence of different types of cities.

107. Historical Perspective on Current Urban Problems. 3 hr.; 3 cr. A study of current urban problems in historical perspective. The course examines problems brought to American cities by rapid growth, industrialization, commercial change, and economic cycles during the past century. The policies that were developed in response to these problems will be examined both as sources of current problems and as experiments whose results may be useful in formulating new policies.

113. Urban Subcultures and Life Styles. 3 hr 3 cr. The study of different subcultural life styles found in the modern city including those based on economic position, ethnic background, age, and social or sexual preference. Also studied are the effects of different urban conditions on individual life styles; attitudes toward life in the city, suburbia, and the country; images of city life.

114. Sexual Variance in the City. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course studies the diverse sexual subcultures which flourish in urban areas. Special attention is paid to the interaction of urban cultures with these sexual subcultures and to the unique influence of the urban environment on sexual diversity and innovation.

117. Introduction to Urban Education. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course is designed primarily for non-education majors. The focus is on the structure and history of education in the United States, especially the urban areas. It will explore questions involved in such areas as desegregation, financing, socioeconomic class, multicultural populations, and teaching as a profession.

132. Health Services and Policy. 3 hr., 3 cr. An introduction to the structure and function of institutions that provide personal and public health service. The course analyzes public policy issues, including educational licensing and the financing and regulation of health care services.

134W. Writing Tutorial. 1 hr., 1 cr. A one-credit add-on course to a regular subject matter course on a co-registration basis. This course works on writing that is relevant to the subject matter of the main course. Co-registration means all students in the regular course will not necessarily be in the writing tutorial. The combination of a regular course and an Urban Studies Writing Tutorial satisfies one of the College's writing intensive course requirements. May be repeated for credit.

135W. Writing Workshop. 1 hr., 1 cr. A one-credit add-on course to a regular subject matter course on a co-requisite basis. This course works on writing that is integral to the subject matter of the main course. Co-requisite means all students in the regular course will be in the writing workshop. The combination of a regular course and an Urban Studies Writing Workshop satisfies one of the College's writing intensive course requirements. May be repeated for credit.

141. Introduction to Urban Planning. 3 hr., 3 cr. An introduction to theoretical, methodological, and practical issues involved in social and physical planning for urban areas. It will include issues such as attracting economic development, the siting of public services and facilities, and the regulation and supply of housing.

151. Neighborhoods in the City and Suburbs. 3 hr., 3 cr. Analysis of the structural and functional properties of neighborhoods and their relation to the larger city and to urban problems.

200. Methods in Urban Research. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Satisfies LASAR Scientific Reasoning & Quantitative Methodology requirement.
Prereq.: 6 credits in urban studies, anthropology, economics, political science, or sociology. This course introduces students to the range of methodological approaches used in urban-related research. These include macroscopic analysis, demography, survey research, historical research, participant observation, community studies, institutional analysis, policy analysis, and evaluation research. Emphasis is placed on the development of critical skills at reading, interpreting, and analyzing social science research, whether this research is encountered in textbooks and lectures, in professional journals, or in the popular media. (Not open to students who have taken Soc. 212 and 334. For Urban Studies majors who have taken these two courses, the requirement of Urban Studies 200 will be waived.)

201. Computer Methods for Urban Policy Analysis. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Satisfies LASAR Scientific Reasoning & Quantitative Methodology requirement. Prereq.: Mathematics 6 and 6 credits in Urban Studies Anthropology, Economics, Political Science, or Sociology. This course introduces the student to a variety of methods for performing urban policy analysis using microcomputers, including the use of spreadsheets, database systems, graphics programs, mapping systems, and statistical packages. Students will be introduced to essential file management functions and will learn to use these computer-based tools to analyze, interpret, and display demographic, economic, and geographic data. Students will carry out and present projects using their own data or data provided by the instructor.

202. Racial and Ethnic Minorities in Urban America. 3 hr., 3 cr. Prereq.: 6 credits in urban studies, anthropology, economics, political science or sociology. This course provides an overview of theory and research on American racial and ethnic minorities, with an emphasis on the relationships between these groups and urban institutions.

203. Case Studies of Race and Ethnicity in Urban America. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies. Each semester a different racial or ethnic minority will be selected for intensive study, with emphasis on how its community and culture have changed through time. Students will be encouraged to participate in field research within the racial or ethnic community under examination. May be repeated once if topic varies.

204. Women in the City. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, economics, history, political science, sociology or urban studies. This course studies the special influence of the urban environment on the lives of women. Topics include: Differences in women's roles between urban and rural societies; "women's work" in urban societies; the effects of urban habitation and the physical environment (the "built" environment) on women; women as consumers and providers of municipal services.

205, 205W. Urban Cultural Diversity. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course explores the rich and diverse subcultures and communities that dot the urban landscape. In recent years new patterns of cultural belonging and new forms of identity have displaced earlier forms of community organization and neighborhood life. This course traces the emergence of urban subcultures from �Hippies to HipHop�. It will expose students to a number of studies by professional ethnographers and prepare them to undertake an original field study on a topic of their choice.

206. Cities of the World. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: 6 credits in urban studies, anthropology, economics, political science, or sociology. Studies development of foreign cities and attempts to solve problems that also face American cities. Comparative analysis of urban ecology and urban service institutions.

207. Development of the American City. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, sociology or urban studies. This course emphasizes the changing structure and function of American cities from their early history to the present day. Emphasis will be placed on the changing economic, political, and social impact of cities on the United States as a whole, and on major public service problems with which cities have had to deal. The various models for administration of housing, employment, transportation public health, education and crime will be studied in historical context, with the special goal of finding relevant messages for contemporary public administration and urban planning.

210. Urban Protest Movements. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: 6 credits in urban studies, anthropology, history, political science, or sociology. This course analyzes movements for change in urban policies and institutions, especially mobilizations by groups without ready access to power through normal political channels.

211, 211W.   Protest Movements in Film. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course examines the dynamics of urban-centered protest movements in the U.S., such as the labor movement, the African-American, feminist, and gay and lesbian civil rights movements, and the anti-Vietnam war, and pro-life and pro-choice movements through a combination of reading books about such movements and watching film footage featuring the activities of movements.

212. Religion and Polities in Urban Society. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, religious studies, sociology or urban studies. This course considers examples of both left-leaning and right-leaning religiously motivated political action, abroad and in New York City. Guest speakers whose political actions are rooted in their religious communities and faith will present their views in class.

214. Urban Religious Movements. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, religious studies, sociology or urban studies. Most new religious movements today are centered in urban areas, and these are the cutting edge of the segment of the population that is becoming more religious while many of the long-established religious groups are experiencing loss in seminarians and in attendance. This course examines the dynamics of these religious movements and their impact on urban society.

216. Immigrants in Queens. 3 hr., 3 cr. The Borough of Queens has become a major receiving area for immigrants from all over the world, making it the most diverse county nationwide. This course discusses immigration patterns, old and new, in the context of New York City, with special focus on the Borough of Queens. What are the main trends in historical and contemporary and local/global migration? How and why do immigrants arrive here and begin to create new communities? What is the state of intergroup relations between immigrants and established Americans? What are the factors that assist or inhibit immigrants from being integrated into American society? The course addresses these questions through class discussions, readings, neighborhood visits, and student projects.

217. Introduction to Social Work. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course provides an introduction to the values, knowledge, and skills of the social work profession. The focus is on the historical and contemporary roles and relationships of the social work profession to community problems, fields of practice, vulnerable populations, and social welfare history and policy.

220, 220W. Studies of Selected Urban Service Institutions. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: 6 credits in urban studies, anthropology, economics, political science, or sociology. Analysis in depth of a public or private institution or system of institutions providing services to urban residents. Different institutions will be analyzed each semester. (May be repeated once for credit provided the institution studied is different.)

221. Making Public Policy. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: 6 credits in urban studies, anthropology, economics, political science, or sociology. This course uses a variety of frameworks to analyze policymaking in the U.S. The roles of public and private participants in the policy process, the historical development of national political institutions, and the ways in which the structures of policymaking institutions and cultural values influence that process, will be discussed. Case studies will be used to illustrate the policy process in such areas as health, education, housing, tax, and employment. A major objective is to provide students with the knowledge and skills to participate actively in the policymaking process.

223. Introduction to Public Administration. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Analysis of the theoretical basis for administration; philosophies of administration. Description of the tools of administration and the relationship of administrative organizations to other institutions in modern society.

225. Urban Criminal Justice System. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, sociology, urban studies. This course deals with the modern criminal justice system as it was developed through time in cities. Special attention will be given to the urban problems that led to the creation and evolution of the professional police, criminal courts, and penal institutions. Emphasis will be placed upon the specifically urban influences (demographic, geographic, political, economic, and social) that originally shaped and continue to mold the criminal justice system.

226. Drugs and Criminal Justice. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course analyzes how the US criminal justice system has impacted on the use of drugs and treatment for drug abuse. It will examine how the Federal, State and local police organizations plan, implement, and coordinate policies and procedures for combating the use of illegal drug. It will focus in particular on the �War on Drugs�. The New York State Penal Laws (Rockefeller Drug) laws will be discussed in depth.

227. Law and Urban Society. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies. This course examines the role of law in relation to a variety of urban issues. It begins with an overview of legal processes within the American constitutional system. It then proceeds to address the relationship of law issues of welfare, housing, racial discrimination, education, and urban crime.

228. Domestic Violence and Criminal Justice. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course will focus on the operation of the criminal justice system in situations of domestic and family violence. Theories dealing with the sources of domestic violence will be reviewed. The focus will be on the operation of those parts of the criminal justice system having principal responsibility for arresting, prosecuting and adjudicating domestic and family violence cases -- the police, prosecution, and courts. The role and effectiveness of contemporary public programs and community remedies for domestic violence will also be analyzed.

232. Health Policy-Making. 3 hr., 3 cr. An examination of the process of health policy-making at the city, state, and federal levels of government, from agenda-building through policy formulation, adoption, implementation, and evaluation of health policies. The nature of the relationships among executives, legislators, bureaucrats, judges, and other participants will be analyzed.

233. AIDS and Public Policy. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, health education, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies. This interdisciplinary course addresses the medical, epistemological, and psychosocial issues surrounding the AIDS epidemic. It places the epidemic within a social, political and policy context, examining the impact of the AIDS epidemic upon the U.S. urban setting, including a specific analysis of the medical, public health, legal, and housing institutions.

235. Urban Epidemics: TB to AIDS. 3 cr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, health education, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies. This course will deal with infectious diseases in American cities over time. Severe epidemics of contagious disease are a creation of civilization, requiring as they do the large population that crowded cities provide. The course will deal with a number of devastating diseases (among them tuberculosis, cholera, syphilis, hepatitis, polio, and AIDS) and their effect on city life. The social construction of disease and the changing cultural meanings of different diseases will be dealt with.

237. Social Welfare Policy. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies.
This course examines our government's efforts to address social-economic problems relating to poverty. After an historical overview of the development of welfare programs in this country, the course focuses on measures taken to combat poverty in the contemporary context. Issues such as the relation of welfare to work, teen pregnancy, single-parent households, and immigration are addressed. While the course primarily emphasizes basic income maintenance, it provides a survey of the network of social welfare policies and programs that have been developed in recent years.

238. Women and Health. 3 hr, 3 cr. This course examines the broad range of health issues confronting women. Using basic information on the health status of women in the US, the focus is on how this health status is influenced by gender, race, and class. Careful attention is paid to political and economic factors influencing the health of women in our society and to the impact of health policy and social policy on health status. Models of care including the Western medical model as well as some of the new and emerging models are explored. Finally, we examine the latest thinking on specific health issues women face including reproductive health, mental health, peri- to post-menopause, sexually transmitted diseases, and aging.

239, 239W. Urban Labor Movements. 3 hr, 3 cr. . This course introduces students to the nature of work and work organization in contemporary urban settings. It covers such topics as the social organization of work, changes in the composition of the work force, the impact of technology on work and workers, and the organization of workers through labor unions and other forms of worker organization. The evolution of work and worker organization from the beginning of industrialization through the shift to a service-oriented economy will be central focus of the course.

240. Labor Unions and Industrial Relations. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course will examine labor-management relations in the contemporary U.S., considering both the internal dynamics of management, and the structure, governance, and goals of labor unions. Particular emphasis will be given to comparing and contrasting labor relations in unionized and non-unionized workplaces, and in different sectors of the economy (manufacturing, services, and government). Topics to be covered include: the development of management's industrial relations policies, the impact of the changing international economy on labor, the dynamics of collective bargaining, decision-making processes within unions, and problems of union democracy.

241. Metropolitan Real Estate Markets. 3 hr., 3 cr. Prereq.: Urban Studies 101 or Economics 101. An introduction to the real estate industry and the housing market, and to their place in urban society. Topics to be considered include land ownership law, zoning, and taxation; mortgage banking and its regulation, and the roles of developers and realtors. Attention will be given to the market forces which affect mortgages, and to the social consequences of real estate institutions, markets, and regulation, considering issues of neighborhood change, the distribution of profit, and the role of government.

242. Landlord-Tenant Politics in New York. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in anthropology, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies. Dynamics of the landlord-tenant relationship and its political impact. The evolution of this relationship since the mid-nineteenth century is considered, with special attention to issues such as: rent regulations, conversions, gentrification, abandonment, and homelessness.

243. Public Management. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course is devoted to the study of management in local and state government and the nonprofit sector. Defining the unique characteristics of public management is one of the goals of the course. Another is to provide an understanding of what government and nonprofit managers actually do. Finally, the course is intended to develop skills that are essential to effective public management. The course relies heavily on the case method approach, which is intended to simulate the world of actual managers and the processes of management decision making.

244. Human Resource Management. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course examines personnel management, including the legal issues associated with the day-to-day employment-related decisions and actions of managers. The Human Resources function is divided into major areas of Personnel, Labor Relations, Equal Employment Opportunity, and discipline. Students will discuss topics associated with problems that most typically arise in the work place. The framework for studying the topics will be reading Federal, State, and Local Laws, along with reviewing the government policies and Court decisions.

245, 245W. The Urban Economy. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course examines the multiple and dynamic industry sectors that comprise an urban economy and trends in economic growth and related consequences for employment conditions and patterns of inequality. We will study emergent sectors based on immigrant entrepreneurship as well as declining sectors such as industrial manufacturing. By focusing on New York City, the class examines the economic restructurings of this current period of globalization, and how these changes in the urban economy create marginal opportunities for immigrants and heightened hardships for native-born minorities. The class introduces debates on strategies for urban economic development including Richard Florida�s Creative City, and Michael Porter�s competitive advantages of inner city neighborhoods, and a new coalition of numerous local community development organizations and advocates to redefine economic development and growth for more equitable outcomes.

246. Human Resources and Law. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course introduces the principles of employment law. Students are introduced to the principal theories, policies and literature concerning federal and state regulations in the private and public sectors, in the context of problems that typically arise in the work place. They will be exposed to statutes and substantive case law using a case study approach. The statutes and case law examined encompass employment discrimination, New York State employment law statutes and regulations, sexual orientation, Fair Labor Standards Act, American with Disabilities Act, and Family and Medical Leave Act. Lastly, this course will also address issues such as termination-at-will, negligent hiring and retention, wrongful discharge, privacy and drug-free workplace.

247. Race, Ethnicity, and Public Policy. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course examines public policy issues involving race and ethnicity in the United States. It assesses persistent racial disparities in the aftermath of the civil rights revolution and then focuses on such anti-racist policies as affirmative action, school desegregation, and racial districting. It then shifts the focus on ethnicity, exploring rival conceptions of what it means to be an American and on policy debates regarding immigration, bilingualism, and multicultural education.

251. Urban Planning in the American Past. 3 hr.; 3 cr. How Americans designed and built towns and cities. An examination of the city-building process, emphasizing landmark urban plans.

252. Urban Environment. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course introduces students to the major issues and themes in urban environmentalism. The course integrates urban theory�how we imagine and understand the city�with the contemporary practice of urban environmental design, planning, and policy-making. We will examine, through a series of case studies, how the modern city functions as an ecosystem, a network of infrastructure and technology, a forum for democratic participation, and as spatial design and spectacle.

253. Conflicts in Urban Planning. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course examines conflicts that arise when local government seeks to exercise control over the use of land. This course focuses on major conflicts in the planning of cities and suburbs, and the social, economic and political forces which create these conflicts. It examines the issues of land use, group homes, transportation, business development, hazardous wastes, nuclear power, and community development. Students will be expected to prepare a research project resulting in a professional-quality report. They will learn the basics of preparing such reports, including data collection and anlaysis, research, and presentation.

254, 254W. Urban Transportation. 3 hr., 3 cr. This course provides an overview of urban transportation in the United States. Course topics include the historic relationship between transportation innovations and urban development; the evolution of federal transportation policy; the impact of the Interstate highway system on U.S. metropolitan areas; the decline and revival of mass transit in U.S. cities; policies for combating traffic congestion; metropolitan sprawl and air pollution; the impact of current transportation policies on women; the elderly and the poor; and recent efforts to encourage the development of pedestrian-friendly cities.

256. Land Use Planning. 3 hr.; 3 cr. All cities exercise some form of control over the use of the land within their borders. As a scarce resource, it is considered a proper function of government to exercise zoning and other authority over the types of uses to which specific parcels of land are put. This course examines the ways in which New York City has historically exercised the zoning authority and has created a variety of institutions to intervene in the zoning process. It examines the role of real estate interests, the general public, and the City government agencies charged with planning functions.

257. Public Budgeting. 3 hr. 3 cr. This course provides an understanding of the economic, political and legislative components of public finance, with emphasis on the New York City budget. The goal is to develop the skills and knowledge necessary to understand and participate in the budget process. Principles of taxation, revenue, expenditures and debt will be introduced, balanced budgets, and the economic and the political aspects of budget making will also be covered.

261. Urban Job Markets. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Any 6 credits in accounting, economics, history, political science, sociology, or urban studies. Changing job structures and labor force patterns and trends are considered in relation to employment and unemployment, education, discrimination, government programs, labor unions, business policy, and economic and social change. Human resource development and policy are studied in the urban setting.

262. Public Sector Bargaining. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Urban Studies 101. This course examines the unique roles of public sector unions at the federal, state, and local levels. The growth and development of government unions will be studied. What the private sector can learn from the success of collective bargaining in the public sector will be considered. Compensation, dispute resolution and arbitration, and public sector labor legislation are among the topics to be covered.

265, 265W. Special Topics in Urban Studies. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Selected topics in Urban Studies: a lecture course at the intermediate level. (May be repeated for credit provided the topic is different.)

285, 285W. Experiments In Democracy: New Voices in the U.S. Public Sphere. 3 hr., 3 cr. Democracy in the United States is founded on the premise that political power rests in the hands of the people, and that active participation on the part of the public is the cornerstone of successful democratic practice. But what is the public? Who counts (and who doesn�t count) as the public in America? And how do different groups� immigrants, young people, sexual minorities, people of color, working people, and many others�find their public voices? In recent decades, the value and legitimacy of the American public sphere has come under intense scrutiny. As America becomes increasingly diverse, both voters and political leaders have expressed a growing distrust of public interests and priorities, and many Americans now favor private solutions to problems that were once solved by our public welfare and education systems. Some have even gone so far as to argue that the public sphere is so fragmented, so dominated by private interests, that it has ceased to be a public sphere at all. This course in �applied civics� encourages students to interrogate their own relationship and that of their families, friends, and classmates to the U.S. body politic and to the public sphere. It is designed to teach students at Queens College how democracy works in America by asking them to participate in it. After students learn about important historical and contemporary examples of democratic action in America, they will develop their own �democracy projects,� interventions into the public sphere that they devise and implement for themselves.

307. Organizing the Public. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course combines fieldwork in projects sponsored by the New York Public Interest Research Group (NYPIRG) with lectures and workshops on skills related to citizen organizing. The history of student activism and its relationship to urban problems will also be discussed. Seven hours of fieldwork per week are required, with weekly fieldnotes, and a final report which draws on fieldwork, reading, and class discussions.

310. Community Organization. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Analysis of the structure and organization of urban communities and the ways in which they mobilize community resources to solve social and economic problems.

320, 320W. Special Problems. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Junior standing and permission of department. Selected issues in urban studies, with individual work done by the student. (May be taken twice for credit provided the topic is different.)

321. Perspectives on the Labor Movement. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course examines theories of industrial relations systems; the philosophy and political perspectives of labor unions; and the current discussion concerning the state and future of the labor movement. Issues examined will include the meaning of work, its changing nature, and the consequent implications for industrial relations and the trade unions.

330, 330W. Social Theory and Contemporary Urban Issues. 3 hr.; 3 cr. This course explores the principal theoretical perspectives, paradigms and schools of thought that can help our understanding of such urban phenomena as gentrification, urban poverty, urban activism, neighborhood development, segregation, city politics, suburbanization, economic restructuring, and urban planning. Urban theory encompasses many interdisciplinary points of view, and we will explore the work of geographers, sociologists, economists, historians, political scientists and anthropologists. The goal of this course is to understand not only how cities have changed in recent decades, but also the theoretical basis for describing these changes. Students will learn to appreciate the importance of theory for making sense of the social world around us and will learn how to think theoretically, a skill that they can bring to bear in their future analyses of urban issues.

360, 360W. Urban Research Workshop. 3 hr.; 3 cr. Prereq.: Urban Studies 200 and junior standing preferred, and permission of department. Exploration of alternative methodological approaches to social research in the urban area. Group research projects will be conducted utilizing these techniques to explore an urban problem in depth. (May be taken twice if the project is different.)

370. Fieldwork in Urban Studies.1-7 hr. fieldwork; 3 cr. Prereq.: Permission of the department. This course is designed to give the student practical experience in urban affairs and may take a variety of forms, such as development and execution of a research project requiring collection of data in the field, or practical experience in an urban institution under special supervision. Students will be assigned appropriate required reading. (May be repeated once for credit provided the project is different.)

390. Tutorial. Hr. to be arranged, 1-3 cr. per semester. Prereq.: One course in Urban Studies at the 200 or 300 level, junior standing, and permission of department. Further specialization and advanced work involving directed readings and research on a topic chosen by the student and his or her faculty sponsor. Includes regular conferences with the sponsor and preparation of a paper. (A student may receive credit for no more than two tutorials in Urban Studies and may take only one tutorial in a semester.)